A U.S. Department of Education employee leaves the building with their belongings on March 20, 2025 in Washington, D.C., amid mass layoffs. (Photo by Win McNamee/Getty Images)
WASHINGTON — The Trump administration began posting plans over the weekend that detail how hundreds of thousands of federal workers will be furloughed during a government shutdown, while others will keep working without being paid.
The updated guidance gives the clearest picture yet into how President Donald Trump and White House budget director Russ Vought hope to reduce the size and scope of government when given increased authority over the federal workforce during a funding lapse.
A shutdown will begin Wednesday unless Republicans and Democrats in Congress reach agreement on a stopgap spending bill. Congressional leaders were set to meet Monday afternoon with Trump, but it was unclear if any agreement would result that would avert a shutdown.
The Defense Department’s plan shows it would keep about 406,500 of its 741,500 civilian employees working without pay during the shutdown, with the remaining going on furlough.
The nearly 2.1 million military personnel housed within the department would continue to work throughout a shutdown but would not be paid until after it ends.
The plan says the Defense Department believes operations to secure the U.S. southern border, Middle East operations, Golden Dome for America defense system, depot maintenance, shipbuilding and critical munitions are the “highest priorities” in the event of a shutdown.
Medical and dental services, including private sector care under the TRICARE health care program, would largely continue at the Defense Department, though “(e)lective surgery and other routine/elective procedures in DoW medical and dental facilities are generally not excepted activities, unless the deferral or delay of such procedures would impact personnel readiness or deployability.”
Thousands of workers to be sent home from HHS
The Health and Human Services Department plans to furlough about 32,500 of its nearly 80,000 employees during a shutdown.
The various components of HHS — including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Food and Drug Administration, and National Institutes of Health — have individual plans for a shutdown.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services plans to retain 3,311, or 53%, of its employees during a shutdown and “will maintain the staff necessary to make payments to eligible states for the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP).”
The CDC plans to have 4,891, or 35.88%, of its employees as well as those at the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry keep working.
The contingency plans says that “(r)esponses to urgent disease outbreaks and continuing efforts to support the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), World Trade Center (WTC) Health Program, the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act (EEOICPA), and the Vaccines for Children (VFC) program” would continue during a shutdown.
The CDC would not be able to undertake several other activities, including providing “guidance to state and local health departments implementing programs to protect the public’s health (e.g., opioid overdose prevention, HIV prevention, diabetes prevention).”
Departments with plans
Here is a list of the departments that have posted updated contingency plans in September:
- Defense Department contingency plan
- Education Department contingency plan
- Health and Human Services contingency plan
- Homeland Security Department contingency plan
- Labor Department contingency plan
- Justice Department contingency plan
- Social Security Administration contingency plan
- Treasury Department contingency plan
Here is a list of the departments that hadn’t posted updated contingency plans as of Monday afternoon:
- Agriculture Department contingency plan
- Commerce Department contingency plan
- Energy Department contingency plan
- Housing and Urban Development contingency plan
- Interior Department contingency plan
- State Department contingency plan
- Transportation Department contingency plan
- Veterans Affairs Department contingency plan
States Newsroom’s Washington, D.C. Bureau reached out to the departments that didn’t have contingency plans posted to ask when those might become public.
A spokesperson for the USDA wrote in an email the department “is prepared for all contingencies regarding Department operations, including critical services and supports.”
A State Department spokesperson said leadership “is undergoing all necessary planning efforts to sustain critical missions.”
Federal employees who work without pay will be paid after the shutdown concludes.
According to the Office of Personnel Management — the executive branch’s chief human resources agency — “after the lapse in appropriations has ended, employees who were furloughed as the result of the lapse will receive retroactive pay for those furlough periods.”
The Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019 requires furloughed government employees to receive back pay as a result of a government shutdown.
That law does not apply to federal contractors, who face uncertainty in getting paid during a shutdown.
Ashley Murray, Ariana Figueroa, Shauneen Miranda and Jacob Fischler contributed to this report.
